Statistical Data Management Short Course: From Installation to Real‑World Skills

Name: Day 1: Research Methods and Statistics Training
Uploaded: 2026-01-16T09:38:18.515306+00:00
Channel: RUFORUMNetwork
Description: Summary and key takeaways on Statistical Data Management Short Course: From Installation to Real‑World Skills, covering Overview The short course on Scientific
RUFORUMNetwork
Jan 16, 2026
•
3 min read
YouTube video ID: qCrRgvzs7aY
Source: YouTube video by RUFORUMNetwork — Watch original video
PDF
Overview

The short course on Scientific Data Management was launched by the R Forum Secretariat in partnership with the Mastercard Foundation under the Dev 2.0 initiative. The program aims to empower young African researchers, improve agricultural data flow, and create value for small‑holder farmers across the continent.
Key Objectives of the Initiative

Enable 126 young people to receive transformative education.
Transition 255,000 graduates into the labour market.
Support 820,000 small‑holder farmers and value‑chain actors.
Connect 12 primary universities (potentially 60) across 10‑40 African countries.
Opening Remarks – Soft Skills & Future of Work

Soft skills (communication, teamwork, time‑management, leadership) complement technical abilities and are essential for data‑driven decision‑making.
The World Economic Forum’s Future of Jobs 2023 report highlights that by 2027 the most demanded skills will be analytical thinking, creativity, AI & big‑data literacy, and continuous learning.
Six in ten workers will need retraining; the partnership between R Forum and Mastercard Foundation seeks to fill this gap.
Course Structure (5‑day Schedule)

Day 1 – Getting Started with R & RStudio
Download and install R 4.4.0 (or latest) and RStudio Desktop.
Understand the four‑pane RStudio interface (script editor, console, environment, plots/help).
Resolve common installation issues (updating R, installing RTools, handling error messages).
Day 2 – Packages & Libraries
Install essential packages: tidyverse, readxl, dplyr (or similar).
Load packages with library() and troubleshoot missing‑package errors.
Use the Help system (?function, help()) and online resources for guidance.
Day 3 – Data Import & Manipulation
Import Excel, CSV, and other formats.
Convert variables to factors, handle categorical data, and explore measurement levels (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio).
Day 4 – Basic Statistical Analyses
Perform descriptive statistics, correlation, simple linear regression, ANOVA, and chi‑square tests.
Visualise data with ggplot2 (histograms, scatter plots, boxplots).
Day 5 – Reproducibility & Reporting
Write R scripts, add comments (#), and save work.
Export results to PDF/Word/PowerPoint via R Markdown.
Discuss how reproducible code supports peer‑reviewed publications and policy briefs.
Practical Tips Emphasised by Trainers

Internet is only required for downloading R, RStudio, and packages; once installed, work can be done offline.
Update regularly: either reinstall the latest version or use install.packages("installr") → installr::updateR() for Windows.
RTools may be needed for building packages from source; install the version matching your R release.
Error handling: read red console messages, Google the exact error, and follow community solutions.
Workspace management: use File → New → R Script to generate the fourth pane if only three appear.
Logistics & Participant Interaction

Over 1,000 participants joined the live session; the platform can host up to 3,000.
Expectations were collected via chat (certificates, modelling in R, structural equation modelling, data management, machine‑learning basics).
Recordings and slides are shared through a Google Drive folder and the R Forum YouTube channel.
Future sessions include a French version (next week) and an advanced course (June).
Why This Training Matters

By mastering R, RStudio, and essential data‑management workflows while honing soft skills, participants are positioned to generate high‑quality research, influence agricultural policy, and meet the emerging demand for data‑savvy professionals across Africa.
Frequently Asked Questions

Who is RUFORUMNetwork on YouTube?

RUFORUMNetwork is a YouTube channel that publishes videos on a range of topics. Browse more summaries from this channel below.
Does this page include the full transcript of the video?

Yes, the full transcript for this video is available on this page. Click 'Show transcript' in the sidebar to read it.
Why This Training Matters

The blend of technical R skills with soft‑skill development equips early‑career scientists to: - Conduct rigorous, reproducible research. - Translate data into actionable insights for agriculture and agri‑food systems. - Compete effectively in a rapidly evolving job market that values data literacy. --- By mastering R, RStudio, and essential data‑management workflows while honing soft skills, participants are positioned to generate high‑quality research, influence agricultural policy, and meet the emerging demand for data‑savvy professionals across Africa.
Helpful resources related to this video

If you want to practice or explore the concepts discussed in the video, these commonly used tools may help.
R Programming Book For Beginners Recommended
Provides step‑by‑step tutorials and exercises to reinforce the concepts taught in the short course, helping learners achieve lasting competence in R
Amazon →
Links may be affiliate links. We only include resources that are genuinely relevant to the topic.
Summarize another video
Full Transcript YouTube

thank you very much ladies and gentlemen
good afternoon good morning from
wherever you are joining across Africa
and across the world good evening uh
we'd like to start with this
uh uh statistics uh uh training uh
course scientific data management short
course that is organized uh by R Forum
Secretariat uh my colleague Professor
maala is is joined uh is
joining uh online um I would like to
bring to your attention that this
program and training is a result
of an initiative that R forum is in
partnership with the Master Card
Foundation through the transforming
African agriculture universities to
meaningfully contribute to Africa's
growth and development
Dev
2.0 it's an initiative that is aimed at
enabling at least
126 young people to access
transformative education from across
Africa as well as ensuring that we are
able to transition at least
255,000 young
people uh to the world of
work and on top of that to ensure that
our universities are able to deliver and
help create value to
820,000 uh small holder Farmers as well
as value chain actors in The agric and
Agri Food Systems collectively the
initiative brings together 12 primary
implementing universities from Africa uh
in 10 countries but with the potential
to engage up to 60 African universities
to deliver on this transformative
Journey RoR as a coordinating entity U
that is leading the collaborative is
therefore putting together some of the
initiatives that are able to engage not
only the 12 and 16 universities but the
broader framework of the rof Forum
network of 170 universities across 40
African countries this
uh statistics and data management
training is one of these initiatives
with me and with us today for the year
opening is our program lead ad Master
Card Foundation Miss poine gangler who
I'm welcoming to provide the opening
remarks for this uh session today
Pauline I welcome you to give your
remarks and then thereafter we will move
on with the setting of the training
agenda for the week over to you thank
you very
much thank you Prof for the overview and
the welcome and good afternoon everyone
from a Nairobi it's good to see you in
large numbers
um coming together to learn something
something that will take you places I've
seen universities that say education
takes you places and this continuous
learning is actually what we need um to
stay ahead of the cve so I do bring you
greetings from the Master Card
foundation and to appreciate our
longstanding partnership with B Forum
through the tag the program which
Anthony has
described as you know soft skills are
the personal attributes that influence
how well you can work or interact with
other people and so these skills are
usually less about what you know but
more about how you apply that knowledge
that you will gain in Real World um
situations but when you look at the
technical skills context we all need to
be able to demonstrate capabilities to
solve practical problems around us and
so
statistical um and data management are
important skills for decision making and
these are tools that you will need in
the workplace and at home and we
continuously need to update that
Knowledge and Skills that we get from
those um tools why are soft skills
important for us just makes it easier
for us to form relationships with people
to understand how data works but also to
be Dependable knowing that this is the
information that I have that this is
what I need to do with the information
and it can help me to to make a decision
and can also help others to make a
decision but soft skills also enable us
to become a lot more productive
collaborative and to create an
environment where we make decisions
based on what is coming through uh the
data that we receive
soft skills enhance teamwork but it also
helps to build and maintain constructive
relationships it helps us to grow as
Professionals in our different areas as
you see this course that you're
undertaking cuts across different uh
sectors and professions and again it
helps us to gain the confidence that we
need to undertake our
assignments finally it's about analyzing
data and information for decision making
and so there are many soft skills
including the one that you're just about
to get on to uh but as you know the
world economic forum and other platforms
have listed so many soft skills that we
continuously need to update so that we
can stay ahead of the car so again this
includes problem solving to enable us
address and overcome challenges
creativity and Innovation to help us
develop ideas collaborations that we can
interact with other people and then
effective communication both listening
and speaking but most
importantly the body language that
speaks more than the words that come out
of our our mouth uh to emphasize team
working but also integrity and the work
ethic leadership qualities time
management so even if you're a pro in
analyzing data but you're not able to
keep time to submit information as and
when required then it becomes irrelevant
but again this data helps us to make
decisions and digital literacy is
becoming again a big one AI coding Big
Data U but also statistics and data
management so I'm really pleased to hear
that this is what you're embarking on
but when we look at it in the context of
the future of
work the world economic forum's the
future of jobs report for
2023 that report listed the top in
demand skills that we all need by
2027 and these include analytical
thinking creativity and Innovation and
then Ai and big data and so leadership
and social influence and curiosity
learning are among other skills that we
need to meet this growing demand of
skills in the workplace
again that report says that six in 10
workers will require
retraining before
2027 but also only half of these workers
are seen to be having access to relevant
in quality training opportunities so
again I want to thank our partnership
Group Forum because it continues to
provide opportunities for us to upscale
or to learn new skills that will enable
us um to be effective in the workplace
and therefore this effort within the
context of our partnership with the
Forum is an effort to position you and
other early career scientists in Africa
to be competitive in the labor market
please use this opportunity to step up
and to set yourself up for success I
want to wish you all the best and uh
back to you and thank you
thank you very much Pauline for the
wonderful words of encouragement and uh
for the opening thank you for pointing
out the key the importance of using
these platforms for growing the
relationships for building the
analytical capacity and the use and the
relevance of data in decision making and
the kind of skills that are required in
the 21st century Beyond uh Beyond just
the technical skills but also
appreciating the need for soft skills as
critical uh embod Ms for success for
many young people thank you very much
for highlighting the need and the top
demanded skills that are within by 2027
the skills around analytical capacity
and analytical skills and all those
wrapup skills that are important for
young people to succeed I would like to
U hand over to Professor maala who is my
co program lead at at at the Forum
Secretariat um upon which uh these uh
short skills enhancement trainings are
coordinated in his unit as part of the
broader rof Forum operations professor
maela over to you and then to the
trainers uh to Kickstart the training I
must say that uh colleagues we will be
having this training for the for one
week uh between today until Friday and
so it will be at the same time so please
do keep time and thank you very much for
keeping time we are already past
1,000 uh past 1,000 participants in this
uh session today and I appreciate that
we would like to keep on this uh
opportunity open for all we have an open
window ability to host up to 3,000
participants on this platform with this
so many words I would like to pass over
to Professor Mela Professor Mela over to
you yeah thank you Prof
uh thank for uh the
introduction
um and pro Anthony for uh the good words
you have actually spoken
for under this particular uh training so
we we have as you said uh this training
which will take place from now to
Friday uh then we'll have the French
version which will start after did next
after this week starting on Monday also
from Monday to Friday and in June we
will have an advanced version of of the
same course so um this again to request
that the participant also attend the
advanced course so we have three uh
people who are going to take us through
uh this particular uh course uh these
these people have been uh doing this for
the last 10 years so they have got
sufficient experience in actually doing
uh the course on the continent so uh we
have odong Thomas odong and Susan and
Helen who will take you through uh
discourse for the uh for the uh the next
five days so Thomas and Helen and Susan
kindly welcome and please take us
through the course thank you for coming
and uh assisting the young
people uh thank you very much uh
Professor Anthony professor
maala and
Pauline uh with thank you participants
for logging on to this course in high
numbers that shows how important the
course is we welcome you to the 5day
course and uh request you for your
attention and active participation when
it comes to
practicals uh I also would like to thank
rof forum for the opportunity of funding
this uh uh organizing and also sourcing
for funding through
MasterCard to fund this process we
really
appreciate and thank you very much I
hand over to Dr Thomas s and then Dr
Helen then after Helen I have a brief
overview for what this course will
entail thank you very
much
hello yes good afternoon good morning to
everybody I'm called Thomas
S uh I've been connecting this course
with my colleagues uh Professor Susan
and
Ellen uh we hope that you're going to
benefit through this
training and enjoy yourself in the
process thank you very
much when you will have to rce whenever
he speaking here
yes um hi everyone it's great meeting
you all I'm looking forward for an
interesting training thanks so much for
forum for this opportunity again to
serve and give back and share the
knowledge that we've acquired um for
quite now sometime it's always
interesting to to share with others and
I'm looking forward for a fruitful
training thank you and welcome
everyone uh thank you Helen and Dr
Thomas odong uh let me share the brief
overview of this
course e
okay thank you
everybody uh this course is called
scientific data management for
postgraduate students and young
researchers using our programming
language and uh would like to tell you
the objectives of the training why it
was organized the specific objectives
our expectation of what you would gain
from the course and then later in the in
the week we are going to present the
results from the question
that you
received the over objective of the
trainings to enhance the efficiency of
the flow of Agriculture information and
research in particular to achieve the
following objectives to understand the
different procedures related to design
of experimental stroke survey schemes we
also assume that the students will be
able to implement correctly the
different statistical techniques at all
stages of research and present their
findings in coherent and effective
way the course will also enable
postgraduate students and young
researchers to acquire not only the
technical skills and knowledge
necessary but they also get knowledge
which will ensure wide discimination of
their research output as peer reviewed
Publications they will also uh inform
policy as well as improve the quality of
their research
Publications the specific training
objectives that we put up include
equipping participants with Knowledge
and Skills and uh downloading r r
Studio r packages and installing them on
their
computers then we also equip Knowledge
and Skills in importing their data from
different formats and into
R and then manipulate their Data before
doing any data analysis using
interactive commands since R supports
Matrix arithmetic and data structures
such as Vector aray data frames and
lists
students will also be equipped with
Knowledge and Skills in using our
markdown where they can store the
different R commands write AR scripts
which can be converted into PDF or what
document or PowerPoint learn different
efficient technical techniques used in
data
visualization applied in our programming
language that they can relate to their
data sets as well as being able to
produce quality
Publications they'll gain skills in
using our programming language to
analyze their
data using inferential statistical tools
such as correlation and regression
categorical data
analysis and generalized linear skills
if time
allows now the expected outcom
what we expect students to have gained
at the end of the training explain
they'll be able to explain the
fundamental concepts behind experimental
and Survey designs and statistical data
analysis apply key statistical Concepts
such as correlation and
regression then use uh our programming
language to describe analyze model a
state of knowledge or biological systems
for both quantitative and qualitative uh
Fields now the results of the
pre-training assessments will be
presented
later but to give us more insight in
what your expected outcomes
are uh I would like to request the
participants using the chat and also the
Q and A to list two expected
outcomes you list them we pick them and
then present them
later what are your expected outcomes so
I'm going to stop sharing that is the
end of my presentation and thank you
very much but I would like to know what
your expectations are so I'm going to go
into the chat make sure you write only
expectations nothing
else so I'll go to the chat please write
only expectations and my colleague
Thomas will also go to the q& A and pick
the
expectations and also Helen who can go
to the chat and pick
them so please go ahead and write it's
only five minutes somebody says they
want a certificate I've written it down
modeling participation
moving so
fast I would like also to request uh
AMU uh to save for us these uh qu
answers as they come in their
expectations because we may not be able
to pick them as as fast as uh they come
in
e e
okay so we have two more minutes
once you have gotten these expectations
like this whether we can design a an
online sub
sorry uh we have a few seconds to close
uh so that I can hand over to Dr Helen
n and I would like to thank you for
responding I can see very many responses
thank you very much participants this is
really great we are going to share the
output of the expectations probably
tomorrow when I have put them together
but from what I have seen some people
want certificate others want to learn
modeling in R others structure equation
data
management um share slides that is
automatic who will share slides Master
Earth you're going to master R so long
as you're attentive and practice after
after the lectures use of T Test will do
that and I think a remote sensing that
one I'll put as Star machine learning as
star
uh data analysis and certificate
yes you want somebody wants to gain
competence in using
R okay Anova thank you so much we now
close the chat and uh the responses are
going to be saved and we will summarize
them and present them tomorrow so I
would like to thank you I think let us
close the chat All of Us close Q and A
because when uh my colleague Helen comes
in she's is going to start with how to
use R and how what does r do thank you
very much participants I am so excited I
am so happy to be here to share
knowledge with you and uh I hand over to
Dr Helen who is ready here smiling
already she seems more excited than me
but that's her nature thank you so much
and I hand over to Helen
thank you so much Professor Susan I
welcome the participants on our day one
um maybe about the about the material
there's a Google Drive that we've been
sharing kindly pick it up so we'll be
updating it on a daily basis depending
on the materials for a particular day so
we'll be uh putting materials for the
respective days because uh somebody was
asking if we can send emails but uh
given the numbers it might be hard for
us like to share with everyone so we can
use a Google Drive and then you just
pick it all the materials will be there
till
Friday okay let's get started and get to
understand what AR is all about and how
can it be very interesting to support
you when you're going to do your data
analysis remember the um the soft skills
they have talked about in the opening
remarks that are necessary within the
21st century
okay yeah all right so
um um for for day one we are basically
going to learn about the introduction of
our programming language and uh what
we're going to learn within our first
part how to download and then installing
R and R Studio I want to have at the
back of my mind that not everyone knows
what R is we could be having some
participants who know what it is but I
want to I want I want I want a scenario
whereby everyone is put on board such
that as we graduate throughout the week
um everyone can at least be able to to
to to know that how to download
installing R and then R Studio because
you need to First understand what the
program is all about and then after
understanding what the program is you
can easily do the different statistical
test that you you've shared within
expectations the test the an NOA um the
structural equation modeling and all
that understanding that the the program
itself is important and then later the
coding will come in very
easily okay so um the first concept that
we're going to do right now we are going
to see how do we download and then
install our and our programming l
language so we need to understand what
these two are and then we are will be
able to continue with the program so
there are different scenarios on how you
can download R there are two things you
have to first download and then at the
same time you need R and then you need R
studio so what we're going to do right
now I'm going to take you through how we
can download R then after that how can
we download our studio after getting
that then we are going to push on and
see what is the difference between the
two how how are they used and then why
is r and our studio
relevant so this that is the next step
that we're going to do what in a
nutshell what this particular slide
shows about the two the two programs the
r and then the r studio so um I'm going
to stop sharing this and then um we go
through how do we download R it is it's
just a very simple process provided you
have internet because you need internet
to download R and then R Studio by the
moment you have the program on your
computer you don't need internet anymore
even if you're in a remote
place okay for now I'm going to stop
sharing this and then uh um
okay so what we do when you go to your
when you when you go to Google you
within your url what you you can do you
just go there and type download I say
there are many there there are many ways
on how you can download R but depending
on what really works for you because we
learn differently you just go and then
you write the word download R and this
this time around everything is easy you
just write download R and then after
that you see that when you write
download R you're going to come up with
this particular window and then the next
step would be you just the latest
version of R right now it is R
4.4.0 for Windows um maybe there are
some people have got already are on
their computers we can also update them
you can update your r as we move along
I'm going to show you how you can update
your R um to the latest version um but
in case you're having R already and it's
not updated the L the latest version is
4.4.0 and sometimes in case still want
up to update the easiest way it is just
to to re to to install a new version of
R and then it will replace the old
version that you have so what you're
going to do you're going to come and
click on download um this where I'm
clicking you download you click the
download and after that the moment you
click it it's going to open for you this
particular page okay which has r-
4.4.0 for Windows and then you come and
click on download R for Windows for
those that have got um the ones that are
using Mac it's a different procedure but
for now let's go for the part of the
windows so in case you click this
particular um download arrow for Windows
if you click on it what is going to
happen it is going to you need to check
in your downloads okay when you check um
with under your downloads it's going to
give you um a system whereby it is
showing you that it's downloading if you
have uh for example mine it has
downloaded so the moment it downloads
you need to click on the installation
file and then after clicking on the
installation file you follow the
different promps or the
procedures within the materials that we
shared there there is a PDF that shows
how to download R so all the procedures
that I've talked about you can easily go
through them and then see until when you
see that R is downloaded on your
computer um personally I'm not going to
download it again because I have it
already but uh that is the easiest
procedure that we can use to download
our on our computers like any other any
other app that you want to install any
program that you want to install on your
computer the moment you get the
installation file you follow the prompts
until when um you reach to the to till
when they tell you finish and then you
stop there so I'm going to pause a
little bit I check in the chat and then
see if uh that procedure is okay and
I'll give you for example like two
minutes to see that you've You' you've
managed to install r on your
computers
um yeah participants it's important for
you to follow the process because this
is a practical
process uh you need to install R so that
you able to do the next stages otherwise
it's not listen then practice sometime
later we have to go gradually and be
together with
you please do follow the stages in case
you're encountering any issue please do
ask uh the trainer so that you can be
helped thank you so much for that
Professor
Anthony um we we have the Q and A
section in case you have anything that
is not clear yet you can you can just
type in my colleagues are will be able
to answer you um I'm seeing there are
some comments that are installed
successfully are is already installed
but not up to date um one of the
procedures like I mentioned if you have
to use an updated version is to download
a new version again in case you're
having for example r
4.3 please kindly go ahead and install a
new version or as we push ahead into the
into the training I'm going to show you
the different commands that you can use
also to update R automatically but for
now I want us to go to to be on the same
page with
everyone okay downloading the newer
version that is great done successfully
I need to get more people in the chat
telling me that they have successfully
downloaded our and it is and they've
been able to put it on their
computers
okay
great
um like I mentioned um within the Google
materials that we sent all these
procedures are there but what I've
showed you practically it's very very
simple if you open the the installation
file you keep clicking and then you
install on your um on your
computers all right FIA we're going to
move on to see how to update a new
version I'll I'll I'll show you how to
do that um in case you're having both
versions on your computer it's always
good that uh you use the latest one you
can overwrite the old one
okay all right so can we
continue type yes if we can move
on
okay all
right
[Music]
um put the C the questions in the q& a
because in the chat um when they send in
information it tends to run very fast
and sometimes we can skip it all right
so after getting r on your
computer there are four around four or
five people who have just joined give
them three minutes to download R and
they install on their laptops thank you
sorry for the interruption thank you so
maybe I can repeat the procceed again
for it if there is somebody who missed
um we say I said that what you need to
do is that uh when you launch your your
Google okay after clicking on Google all
you need to do like I mentioned there
are different ways on how to install R
but most of the time I mean it's always
good to use the simplest why should we
go for the complicated one of course
different people do it differently so
you just type download
R okay and then you enter after that
you're going to come up with this window
and most of the time the moment you you
click down the moment you you you want
to download R it will always give you
the latest version and if you do not
know that you're using an older version
you just need to to do that and then
compare with what you have already
because with the updated versions they
keep including in different packages
with the latest with the different data
setes that we really need when doing the
analysis so you click on
download the latest version which is
4.4.0 and after that you move to this to
this first line which has download R
4.4.0 for Windows if you click on it
it's going to give you the installation
file that you can use to install r on
your
computer like any programming language
we do the installation the same way we
just need to get the installation file
and then you follow the promps until
when you get to to the Finish I already
have r on my computer so I don't want to
install it again and I'm using the
latest
version
okay hope those that uh had led behind
we are now on the same
page downloaded successfully
um after downloading please install
don't just stop on downloading after
getting the installation file then
install on your
computer we need to have those two
successfully done download and
install okay I've already installed that
and our studio
wonderful all right so um having done
that we are going to move on now to get
our studio remember we first downloaded
our we need that two the moment we have
the two on our computers now we're going
to dive in and uh and then understand
how what what what how do the two work
but let's first get everything on our
computer and then we'll see so I'm going
to go back yes somebody's asking for
Mark
okay um we can still say download R4 for
Mac the other one was just for Windows
and then uh you come and click
here okay install R and then our studio
for back like any you know you just need
to specify is it for is it for Windows
is it for mac and then also you get a
the the installation file and uh when
you take some time you see that uh even
the procedures for the case of the Mac
they
are um you have guidance on how you're
going to install install R for mac asss
and then you I mean you just keep
reading then download R after that then
I mean you click after getting the
installation file um um you you you you
repeat the same procedures until when
you see that you've got the app on your
computer so we still have all the
guidelines that you can use even if when
you're having a Mac computer and it will
show you that has been successfully um
downloaded and then we have to install
again okay so with this particular page
we are seeing how to download our forat
and then also um we need our studio
because we need both of them
so for one um you can click here install
R and then R studio for Mark this one is
going to give you the the first group
used install R for Windows so in case
you want to install R and then R studio
for Mark then this is going to be the ru
that we're going to
use please feel free to interrupt it
will be it it will be good for me to see
that everyone is on on the same page so
I have no problem with
that
okay now um I'm going to move on and
then I write
download
download um I want to download our
studio because I need both of them so
when I write download RS St it gives me
our studio for desktop I can come and
click here I click this particular um
when I click at this particular
point this is the page I'm going to come
up with for our studio desktop and then
I scroll down when I scroll down you see
it is showing me here install our studio
and then download our studio desktop for
Windows you can click you can can click
at this particular in this in this blue
button and the latest this is the latest
version also for those with the old
version you have to check that the r
Studio that you're using is the latest
version we are going to see as in the
next discussion that R is an open source
language you don't need to pay for it
anyone can use it but you have to make
sure that most of it since it's an open
source they keep deving opening it so
you need to ensure that you're using the
latest version and have all the packages
that are
required so if you click on download our
studio for um our studio Des for Windows
if you click on this particular button
it was still going to give you an
installation file that you need the
moment you get an installation file you
do the same like the way you did for our
all right so you still follow the you
double click on it then it will ask you
um do you allow this program to inst on
your computer you you say yes and then
continue I already have it on my
computer so I don't want to do that in
case you don't want to click this button
you can still scroll down and then you
you come here where we have a download
for Windows and then for those that are
having the ma computers you can click on
on this second one
here so all the procedures are just um
are easy to follow and then um you also
do the same procedure and install our
studio on your
computer any question on that let me
check in the chat I give as I give you
some time to um install our
studio after downloading please run the
installation the installation file on
your
computer okay Peter is asking why would
somebody need R Studio yet already has r
on the on the system um all those
questions are going to be answered but
for now um let's have the two and then
we see how it's going to how they work
out before the um before the end of
today's training you're going to
understand why we need both why we need
to um to download both our and then our
studio and what is the difference
between the two um Gladis is asking how
to
update um the first way the first simple
procedure on how to update is to
download manually and overwrite the old
version this is the procedure I'm
showing if you can do that and then the
latest version will over write the old
one and the other option I'm going to
show it later as we are moving on where
we using the commands I don't want to
jump into that part I want us to to move
on the same
Pace um um in case you have a question
that kindly go into the Q&A and then my
colleagues will be able to give you an
answer
um okay so can you type um in case
you're done with installing R studio and
then R can you type done and then I see
um how far we
are okay some are saying not yet on the
seven
page we need to have both R and our
studio
okay um I'm going to repeat the same
procedure again like I mentioned within
the day one materials how to how to
download and install R and then R Studio
there is a PDF that highlights all these
particular steps that you can follow for
you in case maybe you feel you you've
lagged behind and you're failing to
catch up the steps very fast already the
might material is that your within the
materials for day one you can do that
I'm going to do it once more one more
time and then we
continue okay
um when you go to Google all you need to
do you just need to type in
download um we just need to type in
download R
Studio R is capital and then
studio if you click on
that usually the the when when the
window opens the first um the first
thing that you see like we saw with r
that was the latest version also we can
click our studio desktop if you click on
that it's going to open a new window
which looks like this and here you just
need to scroll down if you can see on
this page very well what they did number
one is to install R which we did already
okay but uh with this one if you're very
keen you're seeing that we having R
3.6.0 plus that's why we use the other
method of getting the latest version so
after that number two we are installing
our studio with the r Studio you can
come and click in this blue
button the moment you click on the blue
button you're going to see an
installation file within your download
section you give it some few minutes it
downloads and then follow the prompts of
installing or you can scroll further
down and come here here we've got an
extension. exe that still if you click
on it you're going to get the
installation file for those with Windows
in case you're having a mark you can
click on this second one then also
follow the same PRS of installing um of
of inst solation on your
computer those are the simple procedures
we need both R and then our
studio
okay um I'm going back to the chat again
and see how far we are and then we
continue we get the next step is going
to be I mean what are these two use for
what is our what is our our studio
and somebody's ask is saying that we
forgot to inform our participant they
need to have a good internet connection
um maybe just to answer that with um
with since with the with the our
programming language you only need to
you only need internet when you
installing it on your computer because
that is all that you need the moment is
in installed you don't need internet
anymore you can you can go and work from
anywhere you can you can work offline
when it comes our programming language
you only need internet in case you want
to update and even if like you don't you
can you don't want to to you you don't
want to use the internet you can use the
the the installer package to update even
without without when you when you when
when you're updating that's the only
part that you need internet the moment
um we've got an updated version then all
what you need to do is to go ahead and I
mean do what you want okay so I'm going
to
continue can I continue please type yes
and then we go
ahead okay
great um let me share my slides again
okay so at least for one we've we've
achieved the first
objective which was downloading and
installing R and R
Studio that is Tick number one so now
let's continue all whatever we are
seeing here you the icon for R it
appears like this and then the icon for
R Studio it is an R inside a big blue
Circle that is the r Studio
icon okay so now um having known having
downloaded and then ins so these two
let's briefly just go into and
understand what is r and then uh um
initially I say that R is a free
statistical programming language unlike
other programming languages whereby you
need to buy and then get a license to
use them when it comes to R you don't
need to pay anything it is an opsource
tool that is used for data analysis and
uh it's a very friendly language anyone
can use it you don't need to be really
um an a data analytic blue for you to be
able to use R and you still don't need
to be a statian all you need to have is
to have the attitude that I can learn
because we follow step by step and these
commands um you can reproduce them as
we're going to go ahead and U and it's
it's one of the popular programming
language that has really picked up in
the anal in the area of data management
and statistic analysis um which is being
used widely um across the
globe and also somebody might ask why R
um I I say that R is a language when you
want to do that analysis I've already
mentioned you need to be a statian and
one interesting thing about R is that it
has is you can easily write the codes
and follow them
systematically okay and these codes are
reproducible what do I mean by the term
reproducibility implying that I can
write certain codes for my project X
provided I I know how I know what these
codes are doing I can I can still get
the same codes and switch them to
another project that I'm that I'm doing
and then I just edit them according
that is the reproducibility part I'm
talking about so you can the moment so
the point is understand your codes that
okay this particular code implies this
this particular code when I use this
code this is what I get such that when
you get another project or you're
working on on your thesis or you're
trying to analyze data you can carry
these codes within a one project and
then you carry them to to the others
okay so that is about our and then when
you talk about R Studio R Studio like I
mean we've downloaded them like R it's
also a free open source but you have to
use it with r sometimes it you refer to
as an integrated development environment
that is being used within R but as we
proceed on we going to see different
features within our studio okay and then
we're going to see different spaces work
spaces that can be apply the
environments where we're going to write
our commands we are going to see the
history we are going to see the package
and also the h space but just to mention
on a few and then also um the r Studio
provides different features where using
R and then you're able to manage R very
easily okay so what could be the
difference like someone had a question
within within the within the box so R is
a a programming language used for
statistical
Computing okay our studio uses language
to develop statistical
programs R can stand alone somebody was
saying that can't I use this particular
program independently of R Studio yes
you can but you cannot use R Studio
independent of R you can use our studio
um our studio must be used alongside our
our programming language why it's within
the r Studio where we're going to write
our code
we save them such that we are able to
reproduce them after which we cannot
which we cannot do when we are having
only R unless if you copy the codes and
then you put it within the word document
and save them but with r Studio we'll be
able to save our codes save them with an
extension of R and we are able to reopen
them
again I think now you can get the
difference from those who are wondering
why are we having both R and then our
studio so R may work may be used without
our studio but you cannot use our studio
without
R okay let me first pause a little bit
and I check in the chat are we on the
same
page yes the somebody's asking if there
is a recording the um the sessions are
being recorded so we will share the
links after great
so I'm seeing a positive feedback that
we on the same page that's wonderful now
let's
continue okay so on this particular
slide I'm having different options on
how you can install ourr Studio but I'm
not going to go through them for those
that are interested to read about them
more you can check in the slides so what
happens in case you have both R and R
Studio this is how your workplace should
look like
okay I'm going to pause a little bit
within this workplace and then I'll move
on to R so when all you need to do go on
your computer within the SE button and
then type R Studio the moment it pops up
click on it and then I want us to check
are we having the same workplace like
this one I'm going to stop
sharing okay and then
um I want to share my
ARS so in case you you you you put in
your sear button if you type in R Studio
remember the icon it's a big a capital R
within a a big blue but within a big
blue circle so in case you click on it
this is the kind of uh the workspace I
mean expecting you to get sometimes when
it is your first time to use R some
people come up with only three windows
but we can we can solve that in case
somebody has such a particular issue so
what we are seeing is that we've got
four workspaces we have the one on the
the first one on the top on the top on
the left then we have uh on your right
we also have another
window and then we have also on right
bottom we have another window and then I
also have another window on the on my
left bottom so I'm going to first pause
I check in the chat you you let me know
do you have such a workspace at your end
then after that I'll be able to just
give you a brief explanation of what
really what this workspace is used
for okay somebody is saying that uh I
have three so for those that are having
three Windows what you do you go and
click on
file okay when you click on file it will
bring a Dropbox and then you click our
script then you'll come up with
automatically the four windows that we
are having that is how quickly you can
solve
that if you're having three Windows
only just click on file
the moment you click on file what is
going to give you you click on
new okay you click on new file after the
new file you click our script that one
should be able to give you the fourth
window yeah somebody saying thanks it
worked great okay got it
wonderful uhuh I'm seeing a lot of
people saying that got it done yeah that
is how you get the window for those that
are having only three
Windows
okay yes I now have four
Windows nice to to read this good
comments if you're having one window
then it implies you opened
R you need to open our studio one window
will be for only R just go in the search
button on your computer and type R
Studio the moment it opens up then R
will be embedded inside the r Studio as
I'm going to
explain that is why you're only having
one
window Alice don't get worried we are
going to see how to
update since you already have r on your
computer for now just follow when we get
to the updating part then we'll do that
as well
well okay great so now that we all have
the four Windows I'm going to just
briefly explain what these four Windows
do and then later we'll come back and
start do some simple coding and then we
see how do we really move on so I'm just
looking at this um this first window on
my my end is a left but the the the
upper window so when you look on top
what we are having we are having for
example like on up there is our studio
so we have file edit code view plot
session build profile uh tools help we
need all these particular icons because
we are going to use them for example
when you when you click on file what
happens is that you see you see a
Dropbox like new file open file all this
for now we just consider what we want to
use okay so for example in case you want
a new R script all you need to do go to
new file and then you click our script
the moment you click on it you should be
able to see something like Untitled too
that is an that is um an open script or
like an open like blank Word document if
I'm to put it in that language but
within R we call it a script so if you
open it it's going to be blank and then
you'll see that uh there is a prompt it
is asking you where you need where we'll
be typing all our
commands So within this particular the
first window that is an area where we're
going to write all the commands and then
we'll be able to save them it's the
reason why I say we need our studio
because it makes us to save our work
very easily using the save command
all right so um we as we move along I'll
show you how we are going to use all
these different uh icons for example
within the session they're also we're
also going to see how to set the working
directorate and all that okay that is of
course like when you when you're
learning a language you pick it as time
you need the steps and then later as
you're practicing you tend to master all
that you need when you come to the now
I'm Moving On Again to my right top
window which shows that environment is
empty so under here we see that uh
within this particular environment what
is going to support us is that as we
import our data you know you've gone to
the field collected data you have data
within your Excel sheet or within um um
you need to import it into R for
analysis we are going to see if our data
has been successfully imported through
this particular window you can check the
history in case you have some codes or
some work that you've been working on of
course may have been using R so there's
a lot of stuff but in case you haven't
used that then it's going to be empty
for those that want some tutorials you
can click on the tutorial section to
also show you some bits of things that
you can do you just need to click on
each and then do some extra reading on
your own okay I'm moving on to the other
window on my left but the the bottom
window where it has got R
4.4.0 this is the r the r programming um
software that we first downloaded so
under here we see the console so what is
going to happen in this particular in
this particular window whatever command
we write up here within the r studio if
we run it the output we are going to see
the output executed down here within the
within the within the AR console let me
just give an example but I want to go
into that for example in case you say
for example 2 + 2 okay and I want to see
the results I just need after writing
that I come and I run here if I run that
line for me to see my output I go to the
AR console and I'll be able to see my
output telling me that well if you get
two 1 2 + 2 when you check it down my
result is four so all the outputs our
results we'll be seeing them in the in
this particular
window then in the fourth
window um this one it has got like plots
whatever plots that we will do for
example the the histogram the parture
the budgets all interesting
visualization as we are going to learn
within this particular week they're
going to be will be able to see them in
this particular window and then also we
are going to learn about packages how do
we introduce packages Within R we also
have the we also have the Hope window R
has got um an inbu documentation that
can support you to learn something in
case you're not so sure about how to use
a particular command and that will be
will see it into within the Hope window
Etc so I'm going with this one um that
is briefly what the four Windows how the
four windows work but it will be more
interesting as we dive in to see how do
we really put in different things that
we
need okay in case you still have a
question or something that's not yet
clear here please post it in the Q&A and
then uh you'll get the
answer okay I'm going to stop sharing on
this and then I share my slides
again right so we finish this
part we've done a great go to R just as
a guide within the within the
presentation so we've done that now for
those people who wanted to know how do
we update R we've already done the first
bit you can like I mentioned you can you
can reinstall you can install again with
the procedure that we we looked at the
first time that is the first
part like I mentioned solution number
one manually install I mean go to the
website download our studio follow the
prompts after that restart okay you need
to close and then restart your R studio
and then automatically you'll see the
new
version in case you don't use this
version which is the simplest of course
by the time you say you want to update
it implies that you have some plan
knowledge within r or you've used it
before so the latest version it has I
think we've seen it within the r console
it's supposed to appear like this okay
you'll see r 4.4.0 zero this is the
latest version that you need to
have okay and we see this within our
work space that is on the on the on the
bottom side on on your
left also in case you don't want to use
the other option option number two you
can we can go and uh we can install
install our package for those that uh
they want to update you need to install
the install our package after that
particular package I'm speaking this
implying that by the time like you want
to update it implies that you've used R
before somehow well I might not know the
extent but I think the language of
installing package I believe you know it
after installing package then you you
load using the library command the the
install r package and after that you do
you write on the next line update R then
in um in bracket and then you um you run
okay you click the Run button and then
after clicking it you wait for hour to
tell you if it has been updated
successfully we can still do the same
for the case of U for the case for those
that are using Mac you can still also
update your your version using the same
um the same same
command in case after after running this
after um running the library install
R and then update R what happens in
after some time it could be like some
few minutes you you're going to come up
with this particular window okay that
that R has been successfully updated and
it will for my case if after running it
will tell you that no need to update
that you're already using the the latest
version of
R
okay any question on this or I can
continue I can still show with you when
we get to to to um within the practice
of R but for now I'm going to stop here
and then we go back on the same page all
right you can also update our studio in
case you've got our studio that is not
up to date this is how you do it it is
very
easy you can go to go to help and then
check for updates and the moment it is
okay you're using the latest version it
will tell you um you are using the
latest version of our
studio okay let me first stop um sharing
this and then I briefly go back on
um I briefly share the r
just
to okay so I'm back here I never wanted
to for those that are not updating just
give me a little time and then we get
other people that need to update our and
then we move on because uh it is the
same thing that we're going to do okay
I'm going
to um
okay for those that uh who wants to
update R you go to your R we're going we
do everything um in the first window up
here we need to install packages I'll
explain I'm going to explain about
installing packages as we move on for
those that are using R for the first
time R has got um different Associated
packages that we tend to use and these
packages um R has over million packages
but you do not need all the million
packages to work on your computer you
just need to understand what do I want
to achieve the moment you get to know
what you want to achieve then you
install a particular package just to
support you to do that particular
analysis that you want and you might
find at the end of the day for example
you might need like only three packet
packages we going to see that in more
details and when we are installing
packages within R we use what we call
the install. packages command okay still
I'm going to do that in more details
only that um we want to ensure that
those that want update they know what to
do so after installing the install our
package you need to load this particular
package the same package because you
need to use it when you run that Library
using the library command so this is how
it looks like we always have the
install.
package this is how the command looks
like installed the packages and then in
within the Open brackets we'll be
putting our packages and after every
installation you need to load you're
loading the package because you need to
use it we use what we call the library
we use the library command and then
within the library command you um you
load the package that you've installed
so for example in this particular case I
had uh um I have that and then I load
this particular package I need to run it
if I run we say all the output comes in
the AR console and then you come and run
line number four update R the moment you
run line number number four if you click
on run you have to you have to give it
some time and then later it will tell
you that well you are
using it will tell you that it has
updated or it will tell you if you're
using the the latest version for example
what I was sharing earlier as when you
look in the r console we are seeing a
red button here it implies that uh um it
is executing within the background the
command
that uh you you that you've told you to
do so you have to wait for it until when
the until when this command is complete
all what you've commanded you to do is
complete and then the red button will
disappear Dr Helen yes there are some
people who are lost so maybe you may
have to
re to tell them what you've been
teaching about uh installing
our please can you
repeat okay yes thank you come on
installing or on
updating every both of
them okay let me let me pause let me
stop sharing this and then uh we go back
briefly okay
um start from after
installing
screen all right let me share
my
um here we are let me just go back
briefly from what
um I mentioned that uh in case for you
to be able to use uh our our prog our
programming language and then R Studio
you need number one you go to internet
you just type in download R it will
always give you the latest version what
we're using right now it's version R
4.4.4
point0 the moment you get the
installation
done um the moment after the after after
the download
you get an installation file which you
run on your computer such that the
program is installed on your computer
after that we move on to our studio we
do the same steps go in go in Google and
type install our studio okay and then
the moment you open that particular
window it will open and then you click
the blue button which has got our studio
or you can um like the way I showed you
can move downwards and then you get also
the installation file if that one is is
not clear within the materials there are
also some other um other links that you
can use if you want to to do the
downloading and then installation those
are two things that you need in the
first place you download you inst then
you execute the installation file on
your computer for you to launch to see
if you've been if you've successfully
installed R go into your search button
and then type in R
Studio then you click on it it should
launch for you the four the four Windows
if you're only having one window it
implies that you clicked on the r Studio
shortcut that's why you're only having
one window okay so that that's that was
the relevancy of this particular point
we looked at the why how what both are
what is the difference between the two
and then the workspace the four
workspace that we have if you launch our
studio and you're only having three
windows for you to get the fourth window
all you need to do go up and click file
and then new file it will take you to an
our script if you get there when you
click on it the fourth window should
appear and you'll have a workspace like
this
one okay now there are some people who
already have R but they're not using the
latest version
I said we can update our how do you
update there are different options the
first one is to do I mean like a new
person you install and then it will
overwrite on what you have on your
computer which is the easiest and then
the second step so when you go to update
R this is the first step okay what I
explained earlier and then you should be
able to see this version the latest
version of R otherwise you can still use
the commands Because by the time you say
that you want to update I have this
particular feeling that you've used R
before to what extent I don't know but
at least you know the language of
installed packages library and then we
can also type the update r that is the
those are the commands that you need to
have a latest version and in case the
commands have
successfully in case the commands have
been successfully executed then at the
end of the day this this is what you're
going to see the moment you run the
update R it will tell you that
everything has been updated now you are
using the latest R
version so as you're updating for you to
know that yes now I'm good to go you
need to see this particular window it's
what I was telling you that um when I
open my AR that you don't click stop
then it will stop itself automatically
and it will show you um this particular
window it will pop
up Professor Susan I don't know if that
recap is
enough yes Dr Helen I don't see any more
comments in the chat it appears super
okay maybe ask find out from the
participants how they feel about the
recap okay thank you thank you too um
in my
RC okay is are we on the same
page okay for me that's good
enough
um all
right okay let's continue at least let's
ensure that before the session ends
we've picked that
the moment you understand today's um
work that we are doing everything is
going to be based on what you've learned
today so you really need to to get to
know what we are what we're doing and
what R is all about all right I'm going
to continue now so I so after having R
updated you can also update our studio
in case you don't want to do the
downloads and what and the procedure is
very simple
you go to the hope and then after help
you click you check you click check for
updates and then after clicking on that
it will it will show you if you're using
the the latest R Studio or not and then
it will update for you
automatically okay I mean like I
mentioned there are different procedures
there are many ways on how you can
really do this how you can really update
our studio but you you always need to
pick what is what works for you or what
is what you think it's easy for you and
easy to remember so this is also another
option you can check within the
materials at put go to R that's where we
are such that um was just demonstrating
to show you how it works I hope this is
okay
now okay great I want to move on now on
another objective I want us to
today okay installing our packages and
loading installed packages which have
which have just touched a little
bit okay so we are going to see how to
install packages using the install.
packages command the moment you install
a package you have to load it and uh the
moment if you have your your packages
when after installing you with
installation you need internet but the
moment you load your packages you don't
need internet anymore that's why I'm
saying that after that you can you just
after getting the Right Packages you can
work anywhere that you want without
having the internet connection so let's
see how do we achieve
this okay I mentioned that AR has got
different Associated packages that you
can use but what is most important is
that uh you need to find out what kind
of analysis are you going to do because
they have got over a million packages
they just need to know like okay I need
this because it's going to support me to
do this and you might find that within a
whole project you might need like four
packages or even or even five or even
one depending on what you want to do
okay um so there are different ways on
how to install packages like like any
programming language now for us to
install packages within our we can use
the install. packages command and then
inside the bracket you type in the
package that you want of course you have
various options someone can go to tools
and then install packages you can you
can go to I I'll show you all these
particular options but for those that
want to practice you can also go through
this you can install multiple packages
at the same time ITC uh one of the
packages for example read XL if you use
this if you if you if you use this
particular package it is going to help
you to read the micro um Microsoft Excel
files so in case your data is is saved
as an Excel then it implies that oh I
need to install the read XL package we
are going to see the ti ver package it's
it's going to support us in data
manipulation also then we are going to
see the deer I'm only going to introduce
you to only the most important packages
for now that that that are going to
support us just for today's session but
as we move on you're going to see that
we going to keep on we'll keep building
on different packages As you move on
because you just need to install what
you want and then leave out the rest
what is important here is to pick the
command what command do you need to use
install packages inside the bracket we
put the package for example we can use
read XL I'm going to go to R and then
demonstrate that on this particular
example after installing the package
that you want as step number one step
number two is you need to load those
packages using the library command you
type Library within our our studio then
in the bracket you type in the packet
that you
want okay because if you don't load
these libraries you're going you'll be
getting errors within the AR console
sometimes it will tell you that for
example maybe you want to do um you want
to to run a summary of a given variable
it might tell you that we don't see
summary the moment you see such errors
what should come at the back of your
mind it implies that somehow somewhere
there is a library that you miss because
all these functions all the codes that
we are going to use they backed up by
these libraries that I'm talking about
so you load the library the ti
which is going to support us in data
manipulation some of these packages are
nested in others the r XL and then the
deer Etc we are going to see a few of
them as we move
on this particular slide talks about the
help that we need I'll still elaborate
more sometimes within within R you might
not be so sure of what you want on how
to use a particular command but like I
like I mentioned earlier R has an hope
window whereby it it has got an inbu
documentation that you can that can
support you to read and when you're
seeking help you can use the help
command or you can type a question mark
on what you want on here I said help on
the mean implying that I don't know I
want to know how to use the mean but I
need to know the command I need to know
the different arguments that are there
and then get to know how do I use them
okay maybe I want to know about an no
analysis of variany how does it work I
want to know about the test some of you
talking about you want to know how to
use a test you want to know how to use a
Kai square or still you can use the help
command to support you do that I'm going
to illustrate more when we when we get
to um when I go when I get to the
practice so for example when you type
help me you're going to come up with the
this particular window it will show the
description of how the command is of
what the command is it will tell you the
usage that okay we use the mean that is
the command and then inside there are
different arguments that you can put and
it doesn't stop there it goes further to
explain to you what all these arguments
inside are used for and what they mean
so you just need to take some little
time to understand how they work and
then later you apply on your same work
okay so I'm going to pause here and then
go back to our okay and then we see how
do we do
this
okay
um yeah maybe maybe like I mentioned
when I run out is telling me that I'm
using already the latest version the
window that I told you so um I've just
crossed out that it will tell you that
you're using the latest version so um
when you check in your when you check in
the when you check in the r script in
the materials that we sent there is D1 R
script so what happens within that
particular with within that we are going
to see how do we install our packages so
um at written like step number one we
are going to install the ti ver package
and this one is for data manipulation
and it also makes the read the codes
more readable we are going to use the
read XL with this one it supports
importing data in R especially the the
ones that is served as
xlsx and then the deer still nested
within the ti us but it also supports in
in uh in different data manipulation and
operations so what I'm going to
do um I'm going to open a new file which
I already have and then I'm going to
work with this one for example you have
got install package and then all you
need to do to type in for example um T
ver I already have it on my computer and
then I also want to
install install. packages like you can
install them at a go or you can install
them differently and then uh I want to
install read
XL okay and then uh the other packages
was
install do
packages okay as you type in you'll see
that for example a window will appear
which has got packages and then then
you'll have
to um this one is the this is the
package that I want to
install
okay
so what you can do you can you can come
and run after
each each command for example install
packages you come and run
here
okay the moment you
run um the moment you run these
particular packages of course now for me
is showing me that uh I already have the
packages I already have the package
installed but that is the procedure that
you need to do and then also you need to
install read XL you after besides each
you
run okay and then uh the the other one
which is the deer you also click
run remember after installing those
packages you need to load them so I want
to load tid
divers I already have the packages
installed so I don't need to install
again and then I I run Library
this one is read
XL and then also Library kindly work on
your end I'm going to cross check with
you and then I write
DPL
that
so then I'll just highlight everything
and then I run and then if I will see if
they been successfully loaded
I see them in my console so let me check
with you before I
proceed when you're
installing of course there are different
like there are different approaches but
most of the time this is H the best one
that we can start with let me check in
the chat has
anyone succeeded in installing we only
need this pack three packages for now
Peter is saying yes wonderful okay I
need to see more people
um we are using install. packages
command on that is the command that we
are using and for now let's only install
the three packages like I explained the
tide verse the read XL and then the
dly can you redo the
installation um
kindly repeat the process again we are
using the
install kindly open your R Studio open R
launch R and then U and then after
launching it you go to your first window
which has our studio on top and then
type install.
packages okay if you type install.
packages
this is the command we
need the command I've highlighted is
what we need as our code for for
installing
packages okay um so and then inside the
brackets for example we can type read
XL read XL is the package I need to
install on my computer because I do not
have it the the moment you click on it
you go and click the Run button up
there you give it some time to install
you see the results in the in the our
console if it is and I encourage you to
read these comments okay it in case you
see maybe when you check in the r
console and it is giving you some red
some red writings or
most of the time we think that the reds
are errors but it doesn't it's not the
same always what you can do you need to
read the comments that is showing you
maybe it can it can tell you that this
package is missing you need to install
it whatever the program tells you if it
tells you for example you need to
install our tools you do the same thing
you go and say installed packages and
then later you put in whatever package
they have guided you to do and that
should be enough for you then to proceed
that is how we solve the errors as you
move
on I share the exact code you wrote
check in the day one.
R you can actually go we shared this
material already you have it at your end
just go and click d one. r that R is an
extension to tell you that it's a script
it has got codes that are develop within
the within within R so go to the moment
um we sent a folder which has got one
material okay get that folder put it on
your
desktop then after putting it on your
desktop you can you can double click the
dead R script and then it will open
within your
AR okay I'm just writing in a different
in a different script just to to to to
give you an illustration but this is how
it looks like and what I did this is the
installation part which is there okay I
wrote step number one um um install
packages okay for now we need the three
and then after running them if they
installed you need to to to load them so
the moment you highlight or you can
still load one by one each line that you
click on you run
it hope that is clear so can I check in
the chat have we successfully installed
and loaded the
libraries in case you're lost please
type the question in the q& A and then
uh you'll get an
answer you don't you don't need to get
discouraged at the first the first train
the first day of the training because we
need need we need you need the energy
till the end and we can't lose the
energy on the first
day okay
um our someone has a comment like our
r2s is required to build our package but
is not currently installed like I've
mentioned read these comments okay and
they're telling you please download and
install the operate version of Aros
before proceeding the other option would
be in case you get such a comment you
can also copy it and then paste it in
Google like we mentioned R is an open is
an open um is an open program so it
implies that somebody else has already
encountered that particular challenge
that you're seeing you are know the
first person and it already has a
solution so you can you can still type
into Google and then they will tell you
okay for you to solve this this is what
you need to do in case you have an the
out challenge do ABC and d and before
you know it you are you're good to go
please read the comments not it doesn't
mean that necessarily that they they are
threat but they just to help you to to
follow through the um the
program uh Dr Helen can you please recap
loading
and and installing
packages seems some people lost some
people have run their packages without
installing them and they are getting
errors okay yeah thank you thank you
too somebody saying but I'm seeing red
writings that should not scare you like
I mentioned you need to read the red
writings and and see what are they
saying they're just helping you like you
know um how can you solve
such an
error okay and it will be exciting if
you solve an error like yes I've gotten
that one so I can I can keep on I can I
can hang on and
proceed somebody saying that that is not
is on my side stepen don't lose hope we
are still getting we are getting there
you need we need that energy through out
okay um all right let me recap again how
do we install if you see the red
writings please don't get scared just
read them and see um what do they mean
sometimes it's just like they're guiding
you on what is required such that you
don't see the um those red writings
again okay because we are not going to
be able to import our data into our
unless we know the Right Packages to use
unless we install the required package
okay and after that other bits will be
very easy how would we do that we use
the install package command which I was
illustrating
here
okay just go in this window and type
install Okay install as you're typing
you'll see um another window popping up
like it is it is which is going to guide
you and then you put do
packages okay so you can click on the
blue um the the one that highlighted in
blue and then you can see it is still
blinking like I mean what it is you need
to type within within the the Open
brackets you type in the windows that
you want so here
um um you type in the package for
example I said the um TI verse okay let
me do one with
you
um so after typing in TI verse as the
packet that you
need the next thing should be click at
the end of the of the code and then
click
run okay and give it time as you click
run you need need to you your eyes
should be in the r console because
remember we said with within the r
console that's where we see our
outputs okay it will keep it will run
and then at the end it will tell you
download it
successfully you go to the second one
you give it time to run and then it if
it is has been installed successfully
you'll be able to see that particular
part okay
um what about let me put for example
read um read XL okay let me run it's
just to show you what you're supposed to
do if you run you click the Run button
here if you run that line of course at
my end it is showing me that
uh um that uh this package is already
installed it will tell you that you
already you already you've already
installed that thing prior to to that so
I can
say um it is showing me that the package
is already in use at my end but in case
you it is not installed it will still
show you okay the moment it shows you
that it has been successfully downloaded
then what um um installed you click the
LI you go to the library
you go to library which is uh and then
you type in that's the com the same um
package that
you the same package that you installed
and then you click run if it has been
successfully installed if you click the
Run button when you come to the r
console you see that you not have any
error okay let me pause again in the
chat can we move
on what if the package is located in
GitHub yeah in case the package is
located in GitHub you can still um
GitHub will give you the procedure that
you're you can still go and download it
from there click download and then it
will download automatically within your
studio so GitHub should not really be an
issue or even still in the GitHub it
will show you that uh um it was devouted
by so and so and then after you can copy
the particular link and then bring it
into your our studio and run the link
and then it will then automatically it
will be installed on your on your within
hour okay can I
continue please type
yes okay
in case you still have an
issue um you can take some time later
and then
uh Professor Susan we have three minutes
to end so yes we have three minutes to
time uh ask the participants if they
still can give us 30 more minutes we can
continue and end at 5:30 but if not then
can
stop all right okay um as part the
program we are supposed to end at 5 East
African time so is it okay if you
proceed can you give us more 30 minutes
or we can we'll stop and continue from
there
tomorrow also Dr Helen ask them if you
can start earlier two instead of three
because it's such a short time from 3:
to 5: we will not cover enough material
for them so if they can give us an hour
before then we do not then we'll end at
5
exactly okay so like we start at 2 2 yes
yeah 2 to5 if
possible find out thank
you
okay
um please also check in the chat and I'm
seeing a lot of answers coming in some
are saying that we start at 2:30 we end
at
5:30
okay
um and today they've allowed 30 minutes
extra so we really thank you
participants thank you for understanding
and uh we are going to communicate to
management that we can start at two
tomorrow so please log in by two but
will not start immediately at so long as
other people have not joined so if we
get a good number like 800 then we start
at maybe 230 but we will be available by
two yeah sure thank you okay and we can
still since they have got um WhatsApp
group we can still communicate and then
we get your side before we resume
tomorrow but tentatively we can set that
time all right okay now
um let's stop typing about the timing
the communication has been noted so I
want to go back can you type yes if you
Dr Helen about registration I'm
requesting uh am to David to send a link
for registration so that participants
can register thank you very much I think
he's
online he will send the the link for
registration all right
okay okay now can you type for me yes if
you successfully installed and loaded
the three packages that's what I want to
see if you've successfully down um
installed and loaded the three packages
tide verse read XL then de
player the moment if you have achieved
that Target it implies that you install
all the packages that you need in your
project because it's the same procedure
you don't need anything
more whichever way how you want to
install packages that is the way that
you're going to do about it sometimes
also when you're installing you might
get packages because you're not using
the updated version it can also bring an
error okay and it to tell you for
example version 4.3 .0 doesn't have that
particular
package okay that is the reason as to
why we always want to use the updated
versions and in case you have an old
version you um um you install a what you
you up you update to the latest
one um okay
great all right now that is a that
Target has been achieved then the other
part that I want to illustrate before I
go back to the Powerpoints to learn
something more um it is about the help
command we said you can use the Hope
command in case you want to learn
something I said you you you just need
to type help okay help is the command
and then inside type in whatever that
you want to help on initially I said I
want help on mean okay then after after
that you click the Run button if you
click the Run button when you come on
your right bottom window the help window
is going to
open and then it will give you all the
different content that you you need to
read about to support you to understand
what you really want to work on first it
will tell you the description of what it
is it will tell you the usage and then
within the usage for example to tell you
mean and then in the bracket the
different arguments that you need to
type in for example here and then after
that it goes ahead to explain to you
what each argument does that's why I say
that R is friendly okay you type in
everything it it also go it also gives
you examples like okay this is how you
can use it you can go through the
examples and then after that now you go
back to your work and see how to apply
it
okay if you don't want to use help you
can type a
mark okay you can type a question mark
and then after the question mark you can
type for example what what do you want
to ask about I say I want to know about
Anova
or I can say hope Anover or I can say
question mark test anything that you
want to inquire about and then after
that you go back and click on the Run
button you come back in the help window
it will tell you all about an tables it
will give you a description it will tell
you the usage how do you use the manover
command it will tell you the different
arguments that you need to do it will
give you even some of the other things
that you can look are to support you to
understand the command that you're
looking
at okay I'm going to stop here and then
go back to um if you want to save what
you've done there's this button here you
can click the save and then you save um
to the folder any folder that you need
it will ask you where do you want to
save your work so you can save it in the
folder that you put on your desktop or
in your documents um and then you you
can
continue okay
so yes please uh can you talk about our
Tools in general what does it do how do
they get it thank
you okay um let me stop sharing and then
uh
and how do we
solve issues with our tools
okay so like I
mentioned any language that you want to
learn sometimes you have to put some
extra efforts if you have issues with r
tools for example all you need to do you
can just go and type R
tools okay there's uh especially people
that have got the challenge of our tools
you can type out tools
download so when you come here on the
out tools download it will ask you
because sometimes why why it complain
about the different out tools the
challenge could be you're not using the
latest version but it's also it's it
supports different packages when when
you filter when they we filtering them
within our so since I'm use and when you
when you type in our tools
download even if like it's a package if
you cannot if you don't want to use the
install package command directly you can
just come and just type in for example
typ vers download okay that is the
package within R so here we are having
for example r2s 43 for Windows we are
not using the 4.3 version we are not
using the 4.2 version so for me I'm
using R
4.4 so for you to solve such a challenge
they tell within the comments they tell
you download R tools so you write R
tools download you come and check if
you're using
R4 um R
4.3 then you go to that but since we
using the current version I'm going to
come here on R r2s 44 for Windows
because this one is compatible with the
current version that I'm using so I'll
click on it the moment you click on it
okay okay please follow we are having R
tools 4.4 for Windows and we need to
install so we need the r tools 4.4
installer just come here we have
installing R tools 4.4 click on this
version where I'm putting the the
hand
okay so then you click on it this is how
you're going to solve that problem that
you're encountering and then you can
still come come here and read more about
how it
does okay because it most of the time it
is used when you're building different R
packages and the moment you have it some
of these problems where it is going to
complain that you know um this package
has not been successfully installed and
what the r tools will solve all that so
I'm going to click on R tools 4.4
installer having at the back of my mind
we are using the latest version of R so
when you click on it what is going to
happen you're going to go and see the
you're going to go in your downloads
within your downloads it's going to it's
going to download for you the r Tools
installation okay you wait for it to
download the moment it download
successfully you just you just click you
just follow the prompts the moment you
follow the prompts like how we are
installing R and then our studio then
you won't see that challenge again it
implies that now then after you can run
the the the different packages that you
want it to run and check if that problem
is
solved okay for further reading you can
just come here and see that our tools is
only needed for installation of our
packages from different sources
and also building them from the source
so in case you're having that particular
challenge that is how you're going to
solve it click the um the R2 4.4
installer after getting that click on
the extension allow it to install within
the r run the libraries again you
shouldn't you would be in position now
to
proceed Professor Susan is that
okay yes Madam I can see they are busy
with WhatsApp hopefully hopefully
participants you are doing you're
listening to what Dr Helen is saying and
don't ask the same question that he has
already so let's see in the chat whether
you can now use our tools great sure CH
yes okay thank you that's great continue
Dr Helen okay
the moment that one is done all the
problem should be
sorted
okay and you should be able to go back
and run and see um that uh now the
libraries the different packages that
you want to to run are running properly
okay I'm stopping here in case you
encounter the challenge after after the
training please you can you just need to
get that red um error or the whatever
they telling you and then you can type
it in Google and read just a little bit
about it and then you can be able to
apply it um in your
work
okay back to my slide
I think we've gone through we've
achieved how to install packages how to
load packages this is the Bas the basis
that you need for the four other days
because for examp if when be now saying
okay install this package load this
package you'll be familiar with the with
the language we've talked about the help
command now let's move on also to some
other things that are interesting you
can use on the basic concepts you can
use r as a programming language you can
sorry as a
calculator like you can type within the
r Studio 2+2 then it will give you an
answer whatever that you want okay we
also going to learn how to assign
variables okay you can use R to assign
values or variables whatever that you
want and for us to do that we always use
you can use an equal sign or you can use
a less um um
you can use an equal sign or you can use
a less Dash sign for example you can say
x is equal to 2 or you can say your X
could be for example let's say um let's
say height that height is equal to two
or it's the same as saying X is less D
two So within the different codes you're
going to be seeing them you expect to
see a less Dash or an equal the other
thing is that R is case sensitive most
of the programming languages are case
sensitive so if you type capital A when
you're running it to get the output it
should be capital A if you type a as
small as in in in a small case it will
give you an
error something else also we can see
about factors as we're going to see how
we can import our data this part is also
among the different data types very
important
um for example we shall see that when
you're having a variable that is
categorical in nature R will not
understand that is categorical so what
you need to do you need to tell r that
please read this variable as a factor
and we would do that using the as Factor
command and it's very important that we
understand the different levels of
measurements within our data set or the
data that we've collected from the field
because the moment you understand the
data that I've collected from the field
then it will be easy for you to align it
with the analysis that you want to
do okay when we talk about categorical
um V variables for example I talked I
took a general example like level of
Education whereby we can have different
different categories or levels like
education primary secondary University
Etc or whatever mention it or depending
on the field of specialization that you
are in okay so um after this um it is
like go to R I'm going to first skip
this then I'll do it at a go on the let
me first explain this briefly then I go
back I I I'll share the other bit we
also what we call a data frame in R this
simple this simple language or this in
simple terms a data frame it's like a
spreadsheet okay within a spreadsheet um
we put in within a spreadsheet find that
uh there we've got rows and then we've
got columns okay and the columns should
be an empty and then the row should be
unique for example when you go out to
collect data um depending on whatever
software that you're using you find that
uh you collect data on unique on unique
on unique persons or unique fields and
so as you collect as you pick as you're
collecting this particular data all the
roow entries has to be have to be unique
depending if they are different
individuals of different um people it is
so these are the characters um I was
talking about now this is just an
example that we are going to be using
within to understand just a simple
Basics this is an example of a data
frame or a data set that is within
within Excel for example you find that
this is a spreadsheet I just got a
snapshot of a spreadsheet I've got C
SC um this this is the data this data
was collected from uh from students who
are within bivet the type of track that
is business um business um um business
training vocational education Etc so we
it was looking about financial literacy
so we got their score that was the C
score just a brief then we also looked
at uh this column has the the parents
education we've got the rank of the
student the year of the student the age
and then when the age is grouped and
then the sex of the student so this can
look also it can take an example the
kind of data that you can collect
depending on where you got your data
from we've got different rowes each um
we've got different columns each column
has got a a unique variable name and
then different roles are unique for a
specific
student
okay
um
so here we are looking at different
levels of
measurements um within the level of
measurements for example from the
previous exam that I talked about you
can have like gender and then under
gender you can specify them as female
and then male we talked about the level
of Education that is a variable and then
the different levels we can refer to
them as the as the output as the
attributes okay
so this is also another example which
has got another variable which is part
affiliation it has got the different
levels we are calling the attributes
sometimes when you're coding you can
call the levels as one two three or you
can you can call them as as numericals
or you can leave them the way they are
and then they repes leave them for
example you just write their attributes
but depending on what you want some
other people when they're cleaning their
data set they can use values others they
leave them as attributes some of the
important levels of measurements that we
going to see are the nominal ordinal
interval then the ratio the Ordo in this
particular case I mean there's you don't
matter about the ordering of the
variable that you're looking at the
order doesn't matter and an example of
an ordinary variable it's gender with
the gender that we've just received um
somebody's either male or female then
the for example we can look at the level
of Education in case um so you can have
uh no education and so on or or educated
when you look at the orino those that
are the ordinal type of the the kind the
rank is very important most of the time
when you're looking a li scales for
example they can tell you are strongly
agree agree neutal disagree we can see a
certain order so in that case the order
matters and then also other levels all
these things are important when you
capturing your data sometimes the
interval the ratio these are referred to
as scales you could be H you want to
maybe you're looking at the temperature
you're looking at the measure of the
rainfall and in this particular case for
example if you take an interval you can
say the distance between point A and B
is the same as the distance between B
and C but more details are going to come
when we illustrating them in R why are
the levels of measurement important why
is it important for you to know the the
levels of measurement for the different
variables that you're going to consider
number one they support you to determine
the kind of analysis that you're going
to do okay What statistic analysis are
you going to apply if my dependent
variable is continuous and my and my my
my other VAR my um independent variable
is also continuous what analysis am I
going to use okay that is why it's
important and then also apart from
telling you the appropriate statistic
analysis that you're going to use it's
also going to help you when you want to
um on how to interpret the data that is
also very important okay um so the next
thing is about uh our scripts and then
uh and then comments so I'm not going to
go in here I'm going to just go back
into R and then um and then since we
have a few minutes left then tomorrow
I'll start on importing data in R
hopefully we we'll do that um maybe you
can also do further reading to simplify
the work tomorrow on how do import data
and but uh I can talk about the r script
and then the comments and then I'll end
there then also the other parts I want
to revisit is
here on the how to use the different how
to assign variables in R then I I'll
stop okay all right
so back to our so we we said that uh you
can assign R you can assign it um how do
we assign variables I can say that my a
is equal to for example
23 okay when I run a is equal to 2
because it's a variable R is going to
store it I run it when I look now within
the environment this this a has been
stored as 23 why is it stored our thinks
that well you might need to use it again
for example I can go on the next slide
and I say um I can say for example my B
for example is equal to two and then in
case I run that again then I can say A +
B and then I run that line so since the
the values for A and B have been stored
within the within R then I'll be able to
come up with the answer you can also say
like a I can now use capital A is less
Dash I'm assigning I can either use an
equal sign or a less Dash and I say this
one is equal for example to 45 when I
run that line it will show me that well
capital A is 4 I can say no I can say
well my age is less or Dash 64 that age
is equal to 64 when I run R it's going
to show me that age is equal = to
64 I mentioned um also when we are
signing you can use an equal sign or
less Dash the other thing we talked
about that ages we said that um we said
that R is Cas s still okay if you typed
in for example and for example in case I
used I used age as capital and then um
in case I type in case I want to not the
result for for age when I use age in the
previous one as capital A it's not going
to give me the result it's going to what
will show me it's going to give me an
error if you check in my AR console it
is showing me that object age not form
okay because it is sensitive it has
doesn't recognize a what it recognize in
the in the in the environment for it it
has capital a for age so that is the the
part of case sensitive I'm talking
about um so you have to for you you have
to ensure that whatever you're
doing in case you see an error it's
always good to read it and then you're
like okay what does the error is all
about is telling me that it's not pH why
is it that it's not pH then also you
check what is within the bracket is it
in line with what I had earlier that is
the ctive part and then also so about
the our script we say that you can have
as many our scripts as you can and you
can open and whatever so what you do you
go to file new file and then you click
on our script it will always give you a
new a free a free a free script and then
here you type in whatever that you want
okay um for example you want to install
packages and the moment your packages
are installed you don't need to install
again when you open up a new script all
you just need to do is uh um you just
get you just load the libraries because
already these packages are installed on
my machine I don't need to install them
again but what I need to do each time I
open a new script I need to load them
because they have got the function that
I need to work on my what on my um
within the work that I want to do so you
can type in if you type that for you to
load it I mentioned you can just run and
then you'll see it you'll see it um in
within the within the r console what
about comments how do we develop
comments in R when you want to write a
comment in R all you need to do is to
put a slash and this slash or the L is
going to support you like maybe you
might you you need time to to to
conceive this particular information and
so what happens you can say okay this
particular command is for data for data
manipulation you can write that this
part you put a comment for example you
can say Okay 2 + 2 sorry if I get to the
second line and I write 2 + two you can
say you can put a comment and say this
this one on this particular step I did
addition so when you run this line the
all the words that are after the has
they are inactive R doesn't read them
implying that you can write your codes
and then beside the codes you put notes
that will support you to remember so
when you run for example line number two
it will give you the answer 2 + 2 which
is four but the additional part it is
just um those are just notes so that is
how we create notes within R for example
you can you can create notes and say
maybe you you want to say like okay um I
want to write install packages okay
you're creating not like install install
packages in
R it it is inactive and then below that
and then you can write the install the
install command such that it's like a
revision they help you to understand
when you write line number four it is
inactive you will not see anything as an
output so in case you go back to day one
where you see that there are slashes it
implies that these are just notes within
the what they just not notes within the
within the file we created different
sections talking about the data set that
we are going to use all this is not our
doesn't recognize them whatever whenever
you see a slash um whatever is after
those are just
comments okay and then uh we so we can
we've gone through all this and then
tomorrow we start on how to import uh on
how to import um data set into our you
can see I've gone ahead to put for
example load data then updating R this
like the actors as reminders like okay
the next step is about updating R how do
how do I do it these are the commands
that I need to do okay the next the
other step is that I need to install
packages how do so how do how do we
install packages this is what is being
done all right um Professor San I want
to stop here and then get everything
back to you and uh hopefully we've
achieved some of the concepts the new
Concepts we wanted to have today and we
can start from there tomorrow back to
you thank
you they
do thank you very much Dr Helen thank
you participants for being patient with
us uh tomorrow let's try to be uh log on
at 2 so that we have enough time to to
share material with you
and
uh the Google link will always be
updated with new information so you
don't need another Google link the same
link will be used for uh uploading new
material and data set that you'll be
using unless if my colleague Thomas has
anything to
say I think thank you so much Dr Helen
and the participants you've been
great and uh tomorrow please practice
when you go home don't just keep the
close the
computer YouTube
channel okay there's also a YouTube
channel where this recording has been
put so you can consult the recording in
case you came late and you couldn't
follow please go to The Forum YouTube
channel and you'll be able to access
what Dr Helen has told today and be able
to follow tomorrow if you've not
installed the r and r Studio R tools
please do it at night so that tomorrow
you're ready to receive more new
information uh the faster we move and
accurate then the
better thank you so much I hand over
to uh
Amit our co-host are you
online am me
too um oh
Ma I'm there yes okay thank you I hand
over to you yeah so thank you very much
Susan and
team uh for this nice
introduction I I I think uh you
deserve uh um uh some some some
uh uh
um the colleagues from I don't know they
will do it but at least they need to to
say thank you for
uh for this two and a half hours passed
together on this
introduction so colleagues um we have
agreed that we start at 2:
tomorrow uh uh our team will adjust the
the timing on on the on the on the on
the
registration um so that we can start
exactly at uh at 2 so I've seen a number
of appreciation coming from from the
participant so for today thank you again
Susan thank you Thomas thank you Ellen
let's meet tomorrow and thank you to all
the participant let's meet tomorrow at 2
uh
goodbye bye-bye participants bye Helen
bye Thomas bye everybody see you
tomorrow okay yeah
I can't see smile bye
bye you better come
back okay bye good night oh good day
Helen morning it's just 932
here let me go for breakfast bye okay
bye we are going for
supper oh for us we going for supper
Helen is going
forast Ah that's good sorry we wake you
up very early in the morning sorry